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Compare Monaco (2003) - Christmas Island (2002)
Compare Monaco (2003) z Christmas Island (2002)
| Monaco (2003) | Christmas Island (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 15.5% (male 2,551; female 2,445)
15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,814; female 10,130) 65 years and over: 22.4% (male 2,937; female 4,253) (2003 est.) |
0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
| Agriculture - products | none | NA |
| Airports | none; linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service (2002) | 1 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total: 1.95 sq km
land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center. | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. |
| Birth rate | 9.46 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues: $518 million
expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995) |
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
| Capital | Monaco | The Settlement |
| Climate | Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers | tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds |
| Coastline | 4.1 km | 80 km |
| Constitution | 17 December 1962 | NA |
| Country name | conventional long form: Principality of Monaco
conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco |
conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
| Currency | euro (EUR) | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | 12.82 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $NA | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco | none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | Monaco does not have an embassy in the US
consulate(s) general: New York |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major new construction project will extend the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough. | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, slated to begin operation in 2003. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | NA kWh |
| Electricity - imports | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by France |
- |
| Electricity - production | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mont Agel 140 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
- |
| Ethnic groups | French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21% | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 1.06 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958)
head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERCQ (since 5 January 2000) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | - | phosphate |
| Exports - partners | - | Australia, NZ |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red | the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 43 44 N, 7 24 E | 10 30 S, 105 40 E |
| Geography - note | second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean |
| Heliports | 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille) (2002) | - |
| Highways | total: 50 km
paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (1999 est.) |
total: 140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry)
paved: 30 km unpaved: 110 km (1999) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | - | consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | - | principally Australia |
| Independence | 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 5.63 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.52 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) |
NA deaths/1,000 live births |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | NA% |
| International organization participation | ACCT, ECE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNITAR, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council) | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | 30,540 (January 1994) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995) |
| Land boundaries | total: 4.4 km
border countries: France 4.4 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (1998 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (1998 est.) |
| Languages | French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque | English (official), Chinese, Malay |
| Legal system | based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held NA February 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3 |
unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)
elections: last held NA December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2002) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 79.27 years
male: 75.37 years female: 83.37 years (2003 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: 99% male: NA% female: NA% |
NA |
| Location | Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia |
| Map references | Europe | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 NM | contiguous zone: 12 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of France | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| National holiday | National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November | NA |
| Nationality | noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)
adjective: Monegasque or Monacan |
noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
| Natural hazards | NA | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard |
| Natural resources | none | phosphate, beaches |
| Net migration rate | 7.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Political parties and leaders | National and Democratic Union or UND [Jean-Louis CAMPORA]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 32,130 (July 2003 est.) | 474 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0.44% (2003 est.) | -9% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Monaco | Flying Fish Cove |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 1,000 (1997) |
| Railways | total: 1.7 km
standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge (2002) |
24 km to serve phosphate mines |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 90% | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | 21 years of age; universal | - |
| Telephone system | general assessment: modern automatic telephone system
domestic: NA international: no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system |
general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 31,027 (1995) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 5 (1998) | NA |
| Terrain | hilly, rugged, rocky | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 1.76 children born/woman (2003 est.) | NA children born/woman |
| Unemployment rate | 3.1% (1998) | NA% |
| Waterways | none | none |
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